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1 плавать
несовер.; без доп.1) swim2) float, drift; sail; steam3) sail, navigate ( на судне)плавать под парусами — to sail, to go under sail
плавать против течения — to go up stream; to go against the stream перен.
плавать по течению — to go down stream; to go/swim with the stream/tide перен.
••он мелко плавает — he is beyond his depth in smth. (в смысле своих знаний, способностей); he is a small fry ( в смысле своего социального положения)
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2 плавучий якорь
1) General subject: drift-anchor, drogue2) Naval: drag embedment anchor, drag-anchor, drag-sheet, driving anchor, floating anchor, kite, kite drag, sea-anchor, stopwater3) Engineering: anchor drag, drag anchor, drag sail, drift anchor, drift sail, sea anchor, sea drag, water anchor4) Agriculture: drag5) Makarov: sea-anchor drag -
3 плавучий якорь
drag [drift] anchor, sea anchor, water anchor, anchor drag, sea drag, drag, drogue, drag [drift] sail* * * -
4 плавать
несовер.; без доп.
1) swim
2) float
3) sail, navigate (на судне);
ply; boat (на лодке); row (на веслах)* * ** * *1) swim 2) float, drift; sail; steam* * *floatnavigatesailswim -
5 плавучий
floating, floatable, buoyantплавучий маяк — lightship, floating light, light-vessel
плавучий якір — drag [drift] anchor, sea anchor, water anchor, anchor drag, sea drag, drag, drogue, drag [drift] sail
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6 drivseil
subst. drag sail, drift sail -
7 umbang
float; drift; sailterumbang-umbang: floating; drifting; bobbing up and down -
8 SEGL
* * *a. sail; draga, vinda (upp) segl, to hoist sail; leggja (ofan) s., to take in sail; hlaða seglum, to furl the sails.* * *n. [A. S. segel; Engl. sail; Germ. segel; Dan. seil]:—a sail, Sj. 135; vinda, draga segl, to hoist sail, Hkv. 1. 29, Ó. H. 136, 137, 170; setja upp segl, Fms. ix. 10; taka til segls, Ó. H. 140; leggja ofan segl, 170; hella ( to reef) segl, 182, Nj. 135, Fms. ix. 285, Fb. ii. 583; hleypa segli ór heflum, Ó. H. 182; hleypa ofan segli, id.; hlaða ( to furl) seglum, Fms. viii. 135; nú lægir seglin þeirra, Ó. H. 182, passim. The ancients took pride in costly sails woven or embroidered with stripes and figures in various colours (vöndr, segl stafað vendi), stafat segl, Fms. i. 301; segl blá-stafat, x. 345; stöfuð segl með ymsum litum, xi. 437; seglin vóru stöfuð öll með blá ok rauðu ok grænu, Ó. H. 161; segl stafat vendi blám ok rauðum, Eg. 68, Ó. H. 113, 124; var seglit hvítt sem drift ok stafat rauðu ok blá með vendi, 170, Orkn. ch. 116, and passim: such sails were a fit gift to a king, see the narrative in Fms. vi, Har. S. harðr. ch. 100; at menn sendi konungi vingjafir, hauka, hesta, tjöld eðr segl, Ó. H. 126; hence the poets call the sail a ‘tablet’ (skript): poët. a ship is called segl-hundr, -marr, -vigg, sail-hound, sail-steed, Lex. Poët.COMPDS: seglbót, seglbúinn, segllaun, seglrá, seglreiði, segltækr, seglviðr. -
9 плавам
1. (за предмет) float(за кораб) sail, navigate(за лед) driftплавам с платна sail, go under sailплавам по течението go downstreamпрен. go/swim with the tide/streamплавам срещу течението go up the streamпрен. go against the stream2. (за човек) swimплавам по гръб swim on o.'s back3. (за облак) sail by, float (in/through the sky)* * *пла̀вам,гл.1. (за предмет) float; (за кораб) sail, navigate; (за лед) drift; \плавам по течението прен. go/swim with the tide/stream; \плавам с платна sail, go under sail; \плавам срещу течението go up the stream; прен. go against the stream;2. (за човек) swim;3. (за облак) sail by, float (in/through the sky).* * *float; sail (за кораб); cruise; swim (за човек); voyage* * *1. (за кораб) sail, navigate 2. (за лед) drift 3. (за облак) sail by, float (in/through the sky) 4. (за предмет) float 5. (за човек) swim 6. ПЛАВАМ no гръб swim on o.'s back 7. ПЛАВАМ пo течението go downstream 8. ПЛАВАМ с платна sail, go under sail 9. ПЛАВАМ срещу течението go up the stream 10. прен, go against the stream 11. прен. go/swim with the tide/stream -
10 плавать
гл.Русский глагол плавать/плыть относится к любому одушевленному и неодушевленному существительному, в то время как его английские соответствия различаются по тому, относятся ли они к одушевленным, живым существам или неодушевленным предметам, подчеркивают источник движения, движущей силы.1. to float — плавать, плыть, не тонуть, держаться на воде/и воздухе (предполагает медленное скольжение по воде или в воздухе без каких-либо усилий, только под влиянием течения воды или ветра): Clouds floated across the sky. — Облака плыли по небу. Dust is floating in the air. — В воздухе кружится пыль. Sounds of music floated from across the river. — Звуки музыки доносились из-за реки.2. to drift — плавать, плыть, дрейфовать (обыкновенно относится к неодушевленным существительным, реже к людям, и предполагает движение под воздействием ветра или течения без усилий самого предмета): The boat started to drift out to sea. — Лодку медленно относило течением в море. Thick smoke drifted across the town. — Густой дым плыл над городом. They were afraid that the ice would begin to drift. — Они боялись, что лед начнет дрейфовать.3. to swim — плавать, плыть (относится к одушевленным существительным, имеется в виду сам процесс плавания или передвижения по воде с использованием конечностей): to swim on one's back (on one's side) — плыть на спине (на боку); to swim across the river — переплыть реку A school of fish was swimming down the river. — Косяк рыбы плыл вниз по реке. My father taught me to swim when I was six. — Отец научил меня плавать, когда мне было шесть лет. Can you swim? — Ты умеешь плавать? Не easily can swim across this river. — Эту реку он легко может переплыть. The dog swam to the shore. — Собака плыла к берегу.4. to sail — плавать, плыть (обыкновенно относится к плавучим средствам; в тех случаях, когда глагол to sail относится к людям, он обозначает способ передвижения на плавучих средствах): The ship sailed north. — Корабль шел па север./Корабль плыл на север. The boys were sailing toy boats. — Мальчики пускали кораблики. The yacht sailed into the harbour. — Яхта зашла в залив. The boat was never designed to sail such a rough sea. — Корабль не был рассчитан на плавание в таком бурном море. We are sailing for London early tomorrow morning. — Мы отплываем в Лондон завтра рано утром. They spent their holiday sailing the Caribbean sea. — Они провели отпуск, плавая по Карибскому морю. -
11 плыть
гл.Русский глагол плавать/плыть относится к любому одушевленному и неодушевленному существительному, в то время как его английские соответствия различаются по тому, относятся ли они к одушевленным, живым существам или неодушевленным предметам, подчеркивают источник движения, движущей силы.1. to float — плавать, плыть, не тонуть, держаться на воде/и воздухе (предполагает медленное скольжение по воде или в воздухе без каких-либо усилий, только под влиянием течения воды или ветра): Clouds floated across the sky. — Облака плыли по небу. Dust is floating in the air. — В воздухе кружится пыль. Sounds of music floated from across the river. — Звуки музыки доносились из-за реки.2. to drift — плавать, плыть, дрейфовать (обыкновенно относится к неодушевленным существительным, реже к людям, и предполагает движение под воздействием ветра или течения без усилий самого предмета): The boat started to drift out to sea. — Лодку медленно относило течением в море. Thick smoke drifted across the town. — Густой дым плыл над городом. They were afraid that the ice would begin to drift. — Они боялись, что лед начнет дрейфовать.3. to swim — плавать, плыть (относится к одушевленным существительным, имеется в виду сам процесс плавания или передвижения по воде с использованием конечностей): to swim on one's back (on one's side) — плыть на спине (на боку); to swim across the river — переплыть реку A school of fish was swimming down the river. — Косяк рыбы плыл вниз по реке. My father taught me to swim when I was six. — Отец научил меня плавать, когда мне было шесть лет. Can you swim? — Ты умеешь плавать? Не easily can swim across this river. — Эту реку он легко может переплыть. The dog swam to the shore. — Собака плыла к берегу.4. to sail — плавать, плыть (обыкновенно относится к плавучим средствам; в тех случаях, когда глагол to sail относится к людям, он обозначает способ передвижения на плавучих средствах): The ship sailed north. — Корабль шел па север./Корабль плыл на север. The boys were sailing toy boats. — Мальчики пускали кораблики. The yacht sailed into the harbour. — Яхта зашла в залив. The boat was never designed to sail such a rough sea. — Корабль не был рассчитан на плавание в таком бурном море. We are sailing for London early tomorrow morning. — Мы отплываем в Лондон завтра рано утром. They spent their holiday sailing the Caribbean sea. — Они провели отпуск, плавая по Карибскому морю. -
12 navegar
v.1 to sail (barco).navegar por Internet to surf the Net2 to navigate, to sail, to cruise.3 to browse.* * *1 (persona) to sail, navigate2 (barco) to sail3 (avión) to fly\navegar a la deriva to driftnavegar contra corriente to go against the tidenavegar en Internet to surf the net* * *verb* * *1. VI1) (Náut) to saila 15 nudos — to sail at 15 knots, go at 15 knots
navegar a (la) vela — to sail, go sailing
2) (Inform)2. VT1) [barco] to sail2) [avión] to fly3) (=llevar el rumbo) to navigate* * *1.verbo intransitivoa) nave to sailc) ( determinar el rumbo) to navigate2.navegar vt (liter) to sail* * *= sail, float, cruise, burrow through.Ex. In 1793, Hurley Barnes and his family sailed down the Lewark River in a small boat.Ex. And there is more to be gained from an imaginary nineteenth-century boy floating down the Mississippi on a raft with a fleeing black slave than a good deal of everyday, 'direct' experience can give.Ex. The system also has an add-on, which allows users with low vision to cruise the Internet using a low vision interface.Ex. This article explains how to use gophers to burrow through the Internet.----* en buenas condiciones para navegar = seaworthy.* navegar por = navigate (through).* navegar por el mundo = sail + the seven seas, roam + the seven seas.* navegar por Internet = surf + the Internet.* navegar por la red = surf + the net, surf + the Web.* navegar por la red en busca de información = surf for + information.* navegar por la web = surf + the Web.* navegar siguiendo la costa = coast.* * *1.verbo intransitivoa) nave to sailc) ( determinar el rumbo) to navigate2.navegar vt (liter) to sail* * *= sail, float, cruise, burrow through.Ex: In 1793, Hurley Barnes and his family sailed down the Lewark River in a small boat.
Ex: And there is more to be gained from an imaginary nineteenth-century boy floating down the Mississippi on a raft with a fleeing black slave than a good deal of everyday, 'direct' experience can give.Ex: The system also has an add-on, which allows users with low vision to cruise the Internet using a low vision interface.Ex: This article explains how to use gophers to burrow through the Internet.* en buenas condiciones para navegar = seaworthy.* navegar por = navigate (through).* navegar por el mundo = sail + the seven seas, roam + the seven seas.* navegar por Internet = surf + the Internet.* navegar por la red = surf + the net, surf + the Web.* navegar por la red en busca de información = surf for + information.* navegar por la web = surf + the Web.* navegar siguiendo la costa = coast.* * *navegar [A3 ]viA1 «nave» to sailel buque navegaba a la deriva the vessel was drifting2 «persona» (a vela) to sail3 (determinar el rumbo) to navigateB( Inf): navegar por or en Internet or la Red or la web to netsurf, surf the Web■ navegarvt( liter); to sailhabía navegado todos los mares del mundo he had sailed the seven seas* * *
navegar ( conjugate navegar) verbo intransitivo
verbo transitivo (liter) to sail
navegar verbo intransitivo
1 to navigate, sail
2 Av Inform to navigate
' navegar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
corriente
- navegación
- rumbo
English:
boating
- navigate
- novice
- riverboat
- run
- sail
- seaworthy
- unseaworthy
- ply
- sea
- surf
* * *navegar vi1. [barco] to sail2. [avión] to fly3. Informát to browse;navegar por Internet to surf o browse the Net;lleva toda la mañana navegando he's been surfing the Net all morning, he's been on the Internet all morning* * *I v/i3:por Internet surf the NetII v/t sail* * *navegar {52} v: to navigate, to sail* * *navegar vb1. (barco) to sail -
13 плыть
Глагол плыть передается английскими swim, float, drift и sail. Swim имеет в виду самый процесс плавания (о человеке, животном): to swim on the back, to swim on one's side. Float (о предметах, реже о людях) предполагает медленное скольжение по воде без всяких усилий под влиянием течения или ветра: dead leaves floating in a pool, raft floating down the river. Drift (в буквальном значении только о предметах) подчеркивает мысль о скольжении, иногда стремительном, по течению или по волнам, может взаимозаменяться с float: to drift on the waves и to float on the waves. Drift (о людях) часто употребляется в метафорическом значении 'идти, плыть по течению': he never did anything of his own accord, he just drifted. Sail связано в основном с судоходством и первоначально означало 'плыть под парусами'; теперь применяется к судам с различными типами двигателей.Трудности английского языка (лексический справочник). Русско-английский словарь > плыть
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14 плавать
(опред. плыть, сов. поплыть)1. ( о человеке и животном) swim*плыть под парусами — sail, go* under sail
плыть в гондоле и т. п. — float / glide in a gondola, etc.
плыть по течению — go* down stream; (перен.) go* / swim* with the stream / tide
плыть против течения — go* up stream; (перен.) go* against the stream
♢
всё плывёт передо мной — everything is swimming before my eyes, my head is swimmingплыть в руки разг. — drop into smb.'s lap
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15 плыть
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16 нося
1. (в ръце, чанта, ни гръб) carry(донасям) bring(отнасям) take(имам у себе си) have with/on/about one(за река вятър) carry, bear, drift(име, следи, признаци) bear(в утробата си) carry(в сърцето си) bearнося оръжие carry armsнося пушка/куфар carry a gun/suitcaseнося си парите в джоба carry o.'s money in o.'s pocketнося документите си have o.'s documents with oneнося името си от take o.'s name fromнося дете на ръце carry a child in o.'s armsкакво те носи насам? what brings you here? what wind blows you here?нося ви приятно известие I'm bringing you good newsнося следи от bear the mark/traces ofкраката му едва го носят he can hardly stand on his feetноси ти се славата everybody's talking about you, your name's on everybody's lipsнося печата на carry/bear the seal ofоставих се да бъда носен от течението I let myself drift with the current2. (докарвам, причинявам) bringтова носи щастие this brings luckданъкът носи хубав доход the tax yields a handsome revenue3. (издържам-тежест) bear, support, sustainтези колони носят тежестта на свода these pillars bear the weight of the arch4. (понасям, издържам) bearтой носи he has a broad backнося пиене carry o.'s liquor wellтой носи много, главата му носи много he can stand a lotтой носи майтап he can take a joke5. (дреха и пр..) wear, ( в даден случай) have on(номер обувки и пр.) takeнося пръстен wear a ringнося очила wear spectaclesнося дълга коса wear o.'s hair longнося брада wear a beardтой не носи шапка (обикновено) he does not wear a hatтой носеше сламена шапка he had a straw hat onима още много да носиш това палто there's plenty of wear in this coat6. (снасям) layтези кокошки носят много яйца these hens are good layersнося отговорност bear a/the responsibility, he responsible; bear the blameнося наказание bear/carry a penaltyнося смъртно наказание carry a death penaltyнося караулна служба поен. perform sentinel duties, stand guard/sentinel, be on guard/dutyноси кир doesn't stain easily, doesn't show the dirtматерия, която носи кир a hard surface material/fabricнося някого на ръце wait on s.o. (hand and foot)носи им много здраве remember me/us to themноси ме feel dizzy, o.'s head swimsнося ce7. (ходя, движа се безцелно) drift about/along(за дим, облаци) float, drift(летя) fly(no вода, въздух) navigateкорабът се носи по вълните the ship rides (on) the waves, the ship glides swiftly over the wavesптицата се носи по вятъра the bird rides on the windнося се по течението (и прен.) go with the tideчайки се носеха над вълните sea-gulls skimmed (over the waves)скиорът се носеше по снега the skier skimmed over the snowконникът се носеше над полето the rider galloped across the fieldsята птици се носят над морето flocks of birds are flying over the seaвъв въздуха се носеха снежинки snowflakes floated in the airлед се носеше по реката ice floated/drifted along the riverпесента се носеше из нивята the song floated over the fieldsоблаци се носеха над планината clouds were floating above the mountainноси се слух, че it is rumoured that, a rumour is afloat thatноси се миризма/звук a smell/sound* * *но̀ся,гл., мин. св. деят. прич. но̀сил 1. (в ръце, чанта, на гръб) carry; ( донасям) bring; ( отнасям) take; ( имам у себе си) have with/on/about one; (за река, вятър) carry, bear, drift; ( име, следи, признаци) bear; (в утробата си) carry; мед. gestate; (в сърцето си) bear; ( оръжие) амер., разг. tote; какво те носи насам? what brings you here? what wind blows you here? краката му едва го носят he can hardly stand on his feet; не \нося пари със себе си I have no money on/with me; носена топка спорт. held ball; носи ти се славата everybody’s talking about you, your name’s on everybody’s lips; \нося дете на гръб ride a child on o.’s back; \нося печата на carry/bear the seal of; \нося следи от bear the mark/traces of; остави се да бъде носен от течението he let himself drift with the current;3. ( издържам тежест) bear, support, sustain; тези колони носят тежестта на свода these pillars bear the weight of the arch;4. ( понасям, издържам) bear; \нося пиене carry o.’s liquor well; той носи he has a broad back; той носи майтап he can take a joke; sl. he can stand the gaff; той носи много, главата му носи много he can stand a lot;5. ( дреха и пр.) wear, (в даден случай) have on; ( номер обувки и пр.) take; има още много да носиш това сако there’s plenty of wear in this jacket; \нося брада wear a beard; \нося дълга коса wear o.’s hair long; \нося очила wear spectacles; \нося пръстен wear a ring;6. ( снасям) lay; тези кокошки носят много яйца these hens are good layers;\нося ce 1. ( ходя, движа се безцелно) drift about/along; ( движа се стремглаво) rush (along), scud (along); ( движа се плавно) glide; ( едва докосвам повърхността) skim; (за облаци) sail; (за дим, облаци) float, drift; ( летя) fly; (по вода, въздух) navigate; във въздуха се носеха снежинки snowflakes floated in the air; конникът се носеше над полето the rider galloped across the fields; корабът се носи по вълните the ship rides (on) the waves, the ship glides swiftly over the waves; лед се носеше по реката ice floated/drifted along the river; носи се слух, че it is rumoured that; rumours are flying about/around that; \нося се по течението (и прен.) go with the tide; птицата се носи по вятъра the bird rides on the wind; скиорът се носеше по снега the skier skimmed over the snow; чайки се носеха над вълните sea-gulls skimmed (over the waves);2. (за дреха) be worn; има още много да се носи (ще трае) there is plenty of wear in it; това сега много се носи this is now in general wear;3. ( обличам се): \нося се добре dress well, be always well turned out, be particular about o.’s clothes; • носи им много здраве remember me/us to them; \нося караулна служба воен. perform sentinel duties, stand guard/sentinel, be on guard/duty; \нося някого на ръце wait on s.o. (hand and foot); \нося отговорност bear a/the responsibility, be responsible; bear the blame.* * *bear; carry: I нося a child in my arms. - Нося дете в ръцете си.; deposit; waft (за вятър, вълни); yield* * *1. (no вода, въздух) navigate 2. (в ръце, чанта, ни гръб) carry 3. (в сърцето си) bear 4. (в утробата си) carry 5. (движа се стремглаво) rush (along), scud (along) 6. (докарвам, причинявам) bring 7. (донасям) bring 8. (дреха и пр..) wear, (в даден случай) have on 9. (едва докосвам повърхността) skim 10. (за дим, облаци) float, drift 11. (за река 12. (издържам - тежест) bear, support, sustain 13. (имам у себе си) have with/on/about one 14. (име, следи, признаци) bear 15. (летя) fly 16. (номер обувки и пр.) take 17. (отнасям) take 18. (понасям, издържам) bear 19. (снасям) lay 20. (ходя, движа се безцелно) drift about/along 21. НОСЯ ce 22. НОСЯ брада wear a beard 23. НОСЯ ви приятно известие I'm bringing you good news 24. НОСЯ дете на ръце carry a child in o.'s arms 25. НОСЯ документите си have o.'s documents with one 26. НОСЯ дълга коса wear o.'s hair long 27. НОСЯ името си от take o.'s name from 28. НОСЯ караулна служба поен. perform sentinel duties, stand guard/sentinel, be on guard/duty 29. НОСЯ наказание bear/carry a penalty 30. НОСЯ някого на ръце wait on s.o. (hand and foot) 31. НОСЯ оръжие carry arms 32. НОСЯ отговорност bear a/the responsibility, he responsible;bear the blame 33. НОСЯ очила wear spectacles 34. НОСЯ печата на carry/bear the seal of 35. НОСЯ пиене carry o.'s liquor well 36. НОСЯ пръстен wear a ring 37. НОСЯ пушка/куфар carry a gun/suitcase 38. НОСЯ сe по течението (и прен.) go with the tide 39. НОСЯ си парите в джоба carry o.'s money in o.'s pocket 40. НОСЯ следи от bear the mark/traces of 41. НОСЯ смъртно наказание carry a death penalty 42. във въздуха се носеха снежинки snowflakes floated in the air 43. вълните НОСЯт лодката към скалите the waves are driving/drifting the boat towards the rocks 44. вятър) carry, bear, drift 45. данъкът носи хубав доход the tax yields a handsome revenue 46. има още много да носиш това палто there's plenty of wear in this coat 47. какво те носи насам? what brings you here?what wind blows you here? 48. конникът се носеше над полето the rider galloped across the fields 49. корабът се носи по вълните the ship rides (on) the waves, the ship glides swiftly over the waves 50. краката му едва го НОСЯт he can hardly stand on his feet 51. лед се носеше по реката ice floated/drifted along the river 52. материя, която носи кир а hard surface material/fabric 53. не НОСЯ пари със себе си I have no money on/with me 54. носи им много здраве remember me/us to them 55. носи кир doesn't stain easily, doesn't show the dirt 56. носи ме feel dizzy, o.'s head swims 57. носи се миризма/звук a smell/sound 58. носи се слух, че it is rumoured that, a rumour is afloat that 59. носи ти се славата everybody's talking about you, your name's on everybody's lips 60. облаци се носеха над планината clouds were floating above the mountain 61. оставих се да бъда носен от течението I let myself drift with the current 62. песента се носеше из нивята the song floated over the fields 63. птицата се носи по вятъра the bird rides on the wind 64. скиорът се носеше по снега the skier skimmed over the snow 65. тези кокошки НОСЯт много яйца these hens are good layers 66. тези колони НОСЯт тежестта на свода these pillars bear the weight of the arch 67. това носи щастие this brings luck 68. той не носи шапка (обикновено) he does not wear a hat 69. той носеше сламена шапка he had a straw hat on 70. той носи he has a broad back 71. той носи майтап he can take a joke 72. той носи много, главата му носи много he can stand a lot 73. чайки се носеха над вълните sea-gulls skimmed (over the waves) 74. ята птици се НОСЯт над морето flocks of birds are flying over the sea -
17 отходить
1) General subject: backtrack, branch, come off, digress (от темы), draw off, drop-back, estrange, go, grow away (о ветке и т.п.), leave, pull off, pull out (от станции - о поезде), recede, retreat, secede, shunt, stand clear (в сторону), stand out, walk off (от чего-л.), deviate, deviate to the south, diverge, ease off, expire, lose ground, recover, thaw, turn away, withdraw, radiate, slide away, draw away2) Geology: fall back3) Naval: come further aft (о ветре), come in favour (о ветре), ease off (от берега), free (о ветре), get under way, head off (о ветре), head out, veer aft4) Medicine: spring5) Colloquial: get over (sth. - от чего-л.)7) Military: bug out, conduct a withdrawal, drift back, execute a withdrawal, fade back, give way, move away, retrograde, surrender ground, yield ground8) General subject: walk away from9) Religion: backslide10) Railway term: back away, depart (о поезде)11) Law: depart (от прежней аргументации, от практики и т. п.), depart (от прежней аргументации, от практики и т.п.)13) Automobile industry: branch out, depart (об автобусе)14) Diplomatic term: alienate (or чего-л.), (from) depart, diverge (от мнения и т.п.), drift, drift away from (от чего-л.), pull back, retire15) Mechanics: recess out16) Business: deviate from17) Drilling: recoil18) Automation: recess out (от траектории движения)19) Makarov: back, be out, branch forth, branch off, deliver, diverge (от нормы, стандарта), get off, give ground, go away, outgo, peel, pull out, walk away, come away, depart from, drop back, draw off (с позиции)20) General subject: branch out -
18 Á
* * *a negative suffix to verbs, not;era útmakligt, at it is not unmeet that.* * *1.á, prep., often used elliptically, or even adverbially, [Goth. ana; Engl. on; Germ. an. In the Scandinavian idioms the liquid n is absorbed. In English the same has been supposed to happen in adverbial phrases, e. g. ‘along, away, abroad, afoot, again, agate, ahead, aloft, alone, askew, aside, astray, awry,’ etc. It is indeed true that the Ormulum in its northern dialect freq. uses o, even in common phrases, such as ‘o boke, o land, o life, o slæpe, o strande, o write, o naht, o loft,’ etc., v. the glossary; and we may compare on foot and afoot, on sleep (Engl. Vers. of Bible) and asleep; A. S. a-butan and on-butan (about); agen and ongean (again, against); on bæc, aback; on life, alive; on middan, amid. But it is more than likely that in the expressions quoted above, as well as in numberless others, as well in old as in modern English, the English a- as well as the o- of the Ormulum and the modern Scottish and north of England o- are in reality remains of this very á pronounced au or ow, which was brought by the Scandinavian settlers into the north of England. In the struggle for supremacy between the English dialects after the Conquest, the Scandinavian form á or a won the day in many cases to the exclusion of the Anglo-Saxon on. Some of these adverbs have representatives only in the Scandinavian tongues, not in Anglo-Saxon; see below, with dat. B. II, C. VII; with acc. C. I. and VI. The prep. á denotes the surface or outside; í and ór the inside; at, til, and frá, nearness measured to or from an object: á thus answers to the Gr. επί; the Lat. in includes á and i together.]With dat. and acc.: in the first case with the notion of remaining on a place, answering to Lat. in with abl.; in the last with the notion of motion to the place, = Lat. in with acc.WITH DAT.A. Loc.I. generally on, upon; á gólfi, on the floor, Nj. 2; á hendi, on the hand (of a ring), 48, 225; á palli, 50; á steini, 108; á vegg, 115; á sjá ok á landi, on sea and land. In some instances the distinction between d and i is loose and wavering, but in most cases common sense and usage decide; thus ‘á bók’ merely denotes the letters, the penmanship, ‘í’ the contents of a book; mod. usage, however, prefers ‘í,’ lesa í bók, but stafr á bók. Old writers on the other hand; á bókum Enskum, in English books, Landn. 24, but í Aldafars bók, 23 (in the book De Mensurâ Temporum, by Bede), cp. Grág. i. 76, where á is a false reading instead of at; á bréfi, the contents of a letter: of clothing or arms, mítr á höfði, sverð á hlið, mitre on head, sword on side, Fms. i. 266, viii. 404; hafa lykil á sér, on one’s person, 655 xxvii. 22; möttull á tyglum, a mantle hanging on (i. e. fastened by) laces, Fms. vii. 201: á þingi means to be present at a meeting; í þingi, to abide within a jurisdiction; á himni, á jörðu, on (Engl. in) heaven and earth, e. g. in the Lord’s Prayer, but í helviti, in hell; á Gimli, Edda (of a heavenly abode); á báti, á skipi denote crew and cargo, ‘í’ the timber or materials of which a ship is built, Eg. 385; vera í stafni á skipi, 177: á skógi, to be abroad in a wood (of a hunter, robber, deer); but to be situated (a house), at work (to fell timber), í skógi, 573, Fs. 5, Fms. iii. 122, viii. 31, xi. 1, Glúm. 330, Landn. 173; á mörkinni, Fms. i. 8, but í mörk, of a farm; á firðinum means lying in a firth, of ships or islands (on the surface of the water), þær eyjar liggja á Breiðafirði, Ld. 36; but í firði, living in a district named Firth; á landi, Nj. 98, Fms. xi. 386.II. á is commonly used in connection with the pr. names or countries terminating in ‘land,’ Engl. in, á Englandi, Írlandi, Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Saxlandi, Vindlandi, Vínlandi, Grænalandi, Íslandi, Hálogalandi, Rogalandi, Jótlandi, Frakklandi, Hjaltlandi, Jamtalandi, Hvítramannalandi, Norðrlöndum, etc., vide Landn. and the index to Fms. xii. In old writers í is here very rare, in modern authors more frequent; taste and the context in many instances decide. An Icelander would now say, speaking of the queen or king, ‘á Englandi,’ ruling over, but to live ‘í Englandi,’ or ‘á Englandi;’ the rule in the last case not being quite fixed.2. in connection with other names of countries: á Mæri, Vörs, Ögðum, Fjölum, all districts of Norway, v. Landn.; á Mýrum (in Icel.), á Finnmörk, Landn., á Fjóni (a Danish island); but í Danmörk, Svíþjóð (á Svíþjóðu is poët., Gs. 13).3. before Icel. farms denoting open and elevated slopes and spaces (not too high, because then ‘at’ must be used), such as ‘staðr, völlr, ból, hjalli, bakki, heimr, eyri,’ etc.; á Veggjum, Landn. 69; á Hólmlátri, id.: those ending in ‘-staðr,’ á Geirmundarstöðum, Þórisstöðum, Jarðlangsstöðum…, Landn.: ‘-völlr,’ á Möðruvöllum: á Fitjum (the farm) í Storð (the island), í Fenhring (the island) á Aski (the farm), Landn., Eg.: ‘-nes’ sometimes takes á, sometimes í (in mod. usage always ‘í’), á Nesi, Eb. 14, or í Krossnesi, 30; in the last case the notion of island, νησος, prevails: so also, ‘fjörðr,’ as, þeir börðust á Vigrafirði (of a fight o n the ice), Landn. 101, but orusta í Hafrsfirði, 122: with ‘-bær,’ á is used in the sense of a farm or estate, hón sa á e-m bæ mikit hús ok fagrt, Edda 22; ‘í bæ’ means within doors, of the buildings: with ‘Bær’ as pr. name Landn. uses ‘í,’ 71, 160, 257, 309, 332.4. denoting on or just above; of the sun, when the time is fixed by regarding the sun in connection with points in the horizon, a standing phrase in Icel.; sól á gjáhamri, when the sun is on the crag of the Rift, Grág. i. 26, cp. Glúm. 387; so, brú á á, a bridge on a river, Fms. viii. 179, Hrafn. 20; taka hús á e-m, to surprise one, to take the house over his head, Fms. i. 11.III. á is sometimes used in old writers where we should now expect an acc., esp. in the phrase, leggja sverði (or the like) á e-m, or á e-m miðjum, to stab, Eg. 216, Gísl. 106, Band. 14; þá stakk Starkaðr sprotanum á konungi, then Starkad stabbed the king with the wand, Fas. iii. 34; bíta á kampi (vör), to bite the lips, as a token of pain or emotion, Nj. 209, 68; taka á e-u, to touch a thing, lay hold of it, v. taka; fá á e-u, id. (poët.); leggja hendr á (better at) síðum, in wrestling, Fms. x. 331; koma á úvart á e-m, to come on one unawares, ix. 407 (rare).B. TEMP. of a particular point or period of time, at, on, in:I. gener. denoting during, in the course of; á nótt, degi, nætrþeli …, Bs. i. 139; or spec. adding a pron. or an adject., á næsta sumri, the next summer; á því ári, þingi, misseri, hausti, vári, sumri …, during, in that year …, Bs. i. 679, etc.; á þrem sumrum, in the course of three summers, Grág. i. 218; á þrem várum, Fms. ii. 114; á hálfs mánaðar fresti, within half a month’s delay, Nj. 99; á tvítugs, sextugs … aldri, á barns, gamals aldri, etc., at the age of …, v. aldr: á dögum e-s, in the days of, in his reign or time, Landn. 24, Hrafn. 3, Fms. ix. 229.II. used of a fixed recurrent period or season; á várum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum, á kveldum, every spring, summer …, in the evenings, Eg. 711, Fms. i. 23, 25, vi. 394, Landn. 292: with the numeral adverbs, cp. Lat. ter in anno, um sinn á mánuði, ári, once a month, once a year, where the Engl. a is not the article but the preposition, Grág. i. 89.III. of duration; á degi, during a whole day, Fms. v. 48; á sjau nóttum, Bárð. 166; á því meli, during that time, in the meantime, Grág. i. 259.IV. connected with the seasons (á vetri, sumri, vári, hausti), ‘á’ denotes the next preceding season, the last winter, summer, autumn, Eb. 40, 238, Ld. 206: in such instances ‘á’ denotes the past, ‘at’ the future, ‘í’ the present; thus í vetri in old writers means this winter; á vetri, last winter; at vetri, next winter, Eb. 68 (in a verse), etc.C. In various other relations, more or less metaphorically, on, upon, in, to, with, towards, against:I. denoting object, in respect of, against, almost periphrastically; dvelja á náðum e-s, under one’s protection, Fms. i. 74; hafa metnað á e-u, to be proud of, to take pride in a thing, 127.2. denoting a personal relation, in; bæta e-t á e-m, to make amends, i. e. to one personally; misgöra e-t á e-m, to inflict wrong on one; hafa elsku (hatr) á e-m, to bear love ( hatred) to one, Fms. ix. 242; hefna sín á e-m, to take revenge on one’s person, on anyone; rjúfa sætt á e-m, to break truce on the person of any one, to offend against his person, Nj. 103; hafa sár á sér, 101; sjá á e-m, to read on or in one’s face; sér hann á hverjum manni hvárt til þín er vel eðr illa, 106; var þat brátt auðséð á hennar högum, at …, it could soon be seen in all her doings, that …, Ld. 22.3. also generally to shew signs of a thing; sýna fáleika á sér, to shew marks of displeasure, Nj. 14, Fs. 14; taka vel, illa, lítt, á e-u, to take a thing well, ill, or indifferently, id.; finna á sér, to feel in oneself; fann lítt á honum, hvárt …, it could hardly be seen in his face, whether …, Eb. 42; líkindi eru á, it is likely, Ld. 172; göra kost á e-u, to give a choice, chance of it, 178; eiga vald á e-u, to have power over …, Nj. 10.II. denoting encumbrance, duty, liability; er fimtardómsmál á þeim, to be subject to …, Nj. 231; the phrase, hafa e-t á hendi, or vera á hendi e-m, on one’s hands, of work or duty to be done; eindagi á fé, term, pay day, Grág. i. 140; ómagi (skylda, afvinna) á fé, of a burden or encumbrance, D. I. and Grág. in several passages.III. with a personal pronoun, sér, mér, honum …, denoting personal appearance, temper, character, look, or the like; vera þungr, léttr … á sér, to be heavy or light, either bodily or mentally; þungr á sér, corpulent, Sturl. i. 112; kátr ok léttr á sér, of a gay and light temper, Fms. x. 152; þat bragð hafði hann á sér, he looked as if, … the expression of his face was as though …, Ld., cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á sér svip, bragð, æði, sið, of one’s manner or personal appearance, to bear oneself as, or the like; skjótr (seinn) á fæti, speedy ( slow) of foot, Nj. 258.IV. as a periphrasis of the possessive pronoun connected with the limbs or parts of the body. In common Icel. such phrases as my hands, eyes, head … are hardly ever used, but höfuð, eyru, hár, nef, munnr, hendr, fætr … á mér; so ‘í’ is used of the internal parts, e. g. hjarta, bein … í mér; the eyes are regarded as inside the body, augun í honum: also without the possessive pronoun, or as a periphrasis for a genitive, brjóstið á e-m, one’s breast, Nj. 95, Edda 15; súrnar í augum, it smarts in my eyes, my eyes smart, Nj. 202; kviðinn á sér, its belly, 655 xxx. 5, Fms. vi. 350; hendr á henni, her hands, Gísl. (in a verse); í vörunum á honum, on his lips, Band. 14; ristin á honum, his step, Fms. viii. 141; harðr í tungu, sharp of tongue, Hallfred (Fs. 114); kalt (heitt) á fingrum, höndum, fótum …, cold ( warm) in the fingers, hands, feet …, i. e. with cold fingers, etc.; cp. also the phrase, verða vísa (orð) á munni, of extemporising verses or speeches, freq. in the Sagas; fastr á fótum, fast by the leg, of a bondsman, Nj. 27: of the whole body, díla fundu þeir á honum, 209. The pers. pron. is used only in solemn style (poetry, hymns, the Bible), and perhaps only when influenced by foreign languages, e. g. mitt hjarta hví svo hryggist þú, as a translation of ‘warumb betrübst du dich mein Herz?’ the famous hymn by Hans Sachs; instead of the popular hjartað í mér, Sl. 43, 44: hjartað mitt is only used as a term of endearment, as by a husband to his wife, parents to their child, or the like, in a metaphorical sense; the heart proper is ‘í mér,’ not ‘mitt.’2. of other things, and as a periphrasis of a genitive, of a part belonging to the whole, e. g. dyrr á husi = húsdyrr, at the house-doors; turn á kirkju = kirkju turn; stafn, skutr, segl, árar … á skipi, the stem, stern, sail … of a ship, Fms. ix. 135; blöð á lauk, á tré …, leaves of a leek, of a tree …, Fas. i. 469; egg á sverði = sverðs egg; stafr á bók; kjölr á bók, and in endless other instances.V. denoting instrumentality, by, on, or a-, by means of; afla fjár á hólmgöngum, to make money a-duelling, by means of duels, Eg. 498; á verkum sínum, to subsist on one’s own work, Njarð. 366: as a law term, sekjast á e-ju, to be convicted upon …, Grág. i. 123; sekst maðr þar á sínu eigini ( a man is guilty in re sua), ef hann tekr af þeim manni er heimild ( possessio) hefir til, ii. 191; falla á verkum sínum, to be killed flagranti delicto, v. above; fella e-n á bragði, by a sleight in wrestling; komast undan á flótta, to escape by flight, Eg. 11; á hlaupi, by one’s feet, by speed, Hkr. ii. 168; lifa á e-u, to feed on; bergja á e-u, to taste of a thing; svala sér á e-u, to quench the thirst on.VI. with subst. numerals; á þriðja tigi manna, up to thirty, i. e. from about twenty to thirty, Ld. 194; á öðru hundraði skipa, from one to two hundred sail strong, Fms. x. 126; á níunda tigi, between eighty and ninety years of age, Eg. 764, v. above: used as prep., á hendi, on one’s hand, i. e. bound to do it, v. hönd.VII. in more or less adverbial phrases it may often be translated in Engl. by a participle and a- prefixed; á lopti, aloft; á floti, afloat; á lífi, alive; á verðgangi, a-begging; á brautu, away; á baki, a-back, behind, past; á milli, a-tween; á laun, alone, secretly; á launungu, id.; á móti, against; á enda, at an end, gone; á huldu, hidden; fara á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. backwards, Fms. vii. 70;—but in many cases these phrases are transl. by the Engl. partic. with a, which is then perh. a mere prefix, not a prep., á flugi, a-flying in the air, Nj. 79; vera á gangi, a-going; á ferli, to be about; á leiki, a-playing, Fms. i. 78; á sundi, a-swimming, ii. 27; á verði, a-watching, x. 201; á hrakningi, a-wandering; á reiki, a-wavering; á skjálfi, a-shivering; á-hleri, a-listening; á tali, a-talking, Ísl. ii. 200; á hlaupi, a-running, Hkr. ii. 268; á verki, a-working; á veiðum, a-hunting; á fiski, a-fishing; á beit, grazing: and as a law term it even means in flagranti, N. G. L. i. 348.VIII. used absolutely without a case in reference to the air or the weather, where ‘á’ is almost redundant; þoka var á mikil, a thick fog came on, Nj. 267; niðamyrkr var á, pitch darkness came on, Eg. 210; allhvast á norðan, a very strong breeze from the north, Fms. ix. 20; þá var á norðrænt, a north wind came on, 42, Ld. 56; hvaðan sem á er, from whatever point the wind is; var á hríð veðrs, a snow storm came on, Nj. 282; görði á regn, rain came on, Fms. vi. 394, xi. 35, Ld. 156.WITH ACC.A. Loc.I. denoting simple direction towards, esp. connected with verbs of motion, going, or the like; hann gékk á bergsnös, Eg. 389; á hamar, Fas. ii. 517.2. in phrases denoting direction; liggja á útborða, lying on the outside of the ship, Eg. 354; á annat borð skipinu, Fms. vii. 260; á bæði borð, on both sides of the ship, Nj. 124, Ld. 56; á tvær hliðar, on both sides, Fms. v. 73. Ísl. ii. 159; á hlið, sidewards; út á hlið, Nj. 262, Edda 44; á aðra hönd henni, Nj. 50, Ld. 46; höggva á tvær hendr, to hew or strike right and left, Ísl. ii. 368, Fas. i. 384, Fms. viii. 363, x. 383.3. upp á, upon; hann tók augu Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin, Edda 47: with verbs denoting to look, see, horfa, sjá, líta, etc.; hann rak skygnur á land, he cast glances towards the land, Ld. 154.II. denoting direction with or without the idea of arriving:1. with verbs denoting to aim at; of a blow or thrust, stefna á fótinn, Nj. 84; spjótið stefnir á hann miðjan, 205: of the wind, gékk veðrit á vestr, the wind veered to west, Fms. ix. 28; sigla á haf, to stand out to sea, Hkr. i. 146, Fms. i. 39: with ‘út’ added, Eg. 390, Fms. x. 349.2. conveying the notion of arriving, or the intervening space being traversed; spjótið kom á miðjan skjöldinn, Eg. 379, Nj. 96, 97; langt upp á land, far up inland, Hkr. i. 146: to reach, taka ofan á belti, of the long locks of a woman, to reach down to the belt, Nj. 2; ofan á bringu, 48; á þa ofan, 91.III. without reference to the space traversed, connected with verbs denoting to go, turn, come, ride, sail, throw, or the like, motion of every kind; hann kastar honum á völlinn, he flings him down, Nj. 91; hlaupa á skip sitt, to leap on board his ship, 43; á hest, to mount quickly, Edda 75; á lend hestinum, Nj. 91; hann gengr á sáðland sitt, he walks on to his fields, 82: on, upon, komast á fætr, to get upon one’s legs, 92; ganga á land, to go a-shore, Fms. i. 40; ganga á þing, vii. 242, Grág. (often); á skóg, á merkr ok skóga, into a wood, Fb. i. 134, 257, Fms. xi. 118, Eg. 577, Nj. 130; fara á Finnmörk, to go travelling in Finmark, Fms. i. 8; koma, fara á bæ, to arrive at the farm-house; koma á veginn, Eg. 578; stíga á bát, skip, to go on board, 158; hann gékk upp á borg, he went up to the burg (castle), 717; en er þeir komu á loptriðið, 236; hrinda skipum á vatn, to float the ships down into the water, Fms. i. 58; reka austr á haf, to drift eastwards on the sea, x. 145; ríða ofan á, to ride down or over, Nj. 82.IV. in some cases the acc. is used where the dat. would be used, esp. with verbs denoting to see or hear, in such phrases as, þeir sá boða mikinn inn á fjörðinn, they saw great breakers away up in the bight of the firth, the acc. being due perhaps to a motion or direction of the eye or ear towards the object, Nj. 124; sá þeir fólkit á land, they saw the people in the direction of land, Fas. ii. 517: in phrases denoting to be placed, to sit, to be seated, the seat or bench is freq. in the acc. where the dat. would now be used; konungr var þar á land upp, the king was then up the country, the spectator or narrator is conceived as looking from the shore or sea-side, Nj. 46; sitja á miðjan bekk, to be seated on the middle bench, 50; skyldi konungs sæti vera á þann bekk … annat öndvegi var á hinn úæðra pall; hann setti konungs hásæti á miðjan þverpall, Fms. vi. 439, 440, cp. Fagrsk. l. c., Sturl. iii. 182; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á mörkina, in the mark or forest, Eg. 58; var þar mörk mikil á land upp, 229; mannsafnaðr er á land upp (viewed from the sea), Ld. 76; stóll var settr á mótið, Fas. i. 58; beiða fars á skip, to beg a passage, Grág. i. 90.V. denoting parts of the body; bíta e-n á barka, to bite one in the throat, Ísl. ii. 447; skera á háls, to cut the throat of any one, Nj. 156; brjóta e-n á háls, to break any one’s neck; brjóta e-n á bak, to break any one’s back, Fms. vii. 119; kalinn á kné, frozen to the knees with cold, Hm. 3.VI. denoting round; láta reipi á háls hesti, round his horse’s neck, 623. 33; leggja söðul á hest, Nj. 83; and ellipt., leggja á, to saddle; breiða feld á hofuð sér, to wrap a cloak over his head, 164; reyta á sik mosa, to gather moss to cover oneself with, 267; spenna hring á hönd, á fingr, Eg. 300.VII. denoting a burden; stela mat á tvá hesta, hey á fimtán hesta, i. e. a two, a fifteen horse load, Nj. 74: metaph., kjósa feigð á menn, to choose death upon them, i. e. doom them to death, Edda 22.B. TEMP.I. of a period of time, at, to; á morgun, to-morrow (í morgun now means the past morning, the morning of to-day), Ísl. ii. 333.II. if connected with the word day, ‘á’ is now used before a fixed or marked day, a day of the week, a feast day, or the like; á Laugardag, á Sunnudag …, on Saturday, Sunday, the Old Engl. a-Sunday, a-Monday, etc.; á Jóladaginn, Páskadaginn, on Yule and Easter-day; but in old writers more often used ellipt. Sunnudaginn, Jóladaginn …, by dropping the prep. ‘á,’ Fms. viii. 397, Grág. i. 18.III. connected with ‘dagr’ with the definite article suffixed, ‘á’ denotes a fixed, recurring period or season, in; á daginn, during the day-time, every day in turn, Grett. 91 A.IV. connected with ‘evening, morning, the seasons,’ with the article; á kveldit, every evening, Ld. 14; á sumarit, every summer, Vd. 128, where the new Ed. Fs. 51 reads sumrum; á haust, every autumn, Eg. 741 (perh. a misprint instead of á haustin or á haustum); á vetrinn, in the winter time, 710; á várit, every spring, Gþl. 347; the sing., however, is very rare in such cases, the old as well as mod. usage prefers the plur.; á nætrnar, by night, Nj. 210; á várin, Eg. 710; á sumrin, haustin, á morgnana, in the morning (á morgin, sing., means to-morrow); á kveldin, in the evening, only ‘dagr’ is used in sing., v. above (á daginn, not á dagana); but elliptically and by dropping the article, Icelanders say, kveld og morgna, nótt og dag, vetr sumar vor og haust, in the same sense as those above mentioned.V. denoting duration, the article is dropped in the negative phrase, aldri á sinn dag, never during one’s life; aldri á mína daga, never in my life, Bjarn. 8, where a possess. pron. is put between noun and prep., but this phrase is very rare. Such phrases as, á þann dag, that day, and á þenna dag, Stj. 12, 655 xxx. 2. 20, are unclassical.VI. á dag without article can only be used in a distributive sense, e. g. tvisvar á dag, twice a-day; this use is at present freq. in Icel., yet instances from old writers are not on record.VII. denoting a movement onward in time, such as, liðið á nótt, dag, kveld, morgun, sumar, vetr, vár, haust (or nóttina, daginn …), jól, páska, föstu, or the like, far on in the night, day …, Edda 33; er á leið vetrinn, when the winter was well on, as the winter wore on, Nj. 126; cp. áliðinn: also in the phrase, hniginn á inn efra aldr, well stricken in years, Ld. 68.C. Metaph. and in various relations:I. somewhat metaphorically, denoting an act only (not the place); fara á fund, á vit e-s, to call for one, Eg. 140; koma á ræðu við e-n, to come to a parley with, to speak, 173; ganga á tal, Nj. 103; skora á hólm, to challenge to a duel on an island; koma á grið, to enter into a service, to be domiciled, Grág. i. 151; fara á veiðar, to go a-hunting, Fms. i. 8.β. generally denoting on, upon, in, to; bjóða vöxtu á féit, to offer interest on the money, Grág. i. 198; ganga á berhögg, to come to blows, v. berhögg; fá á e-n, to make an impression upon one, Nj. 79; ganga á vápn e-s, to throw oneself on an enemy’s weapon, meet him face to face, Rd. 310; ganga á lagið, to press on up the spear-shaft after it has passed through one so as to get near one’s foe, i. e. to avail oneself of the last chance; bera fé á e-n, to bribe, Nj. 62; bera öl á e-n, to make drunk, Fas. i. 13; snúinn á e-t, inclined to, Fms. x. 142; sammælast á e-t, to agree upon, Nj. 86; sættast, verða sáttr á e-t, in the same sense, to come to an agreement, settlement, or atonement, 78, Edda 15, Eb. 288, Ld. 50, Fms. i. 279; ganga á mála, to serve for pay as a soldier, Nj. 121; ganga á vald e-s, to put oneself in his power, 267; ganga á sætt, to break an agreement; vega á veittar trygðir, to break truce, Grág. ii. 169.II. denoting in regard to, in respect to:1. of colour, complexion, the hue of the hair, or the like; hvítr, jarpr, dökkr … á hár, having white, brown, or dark … hair, Ísl. ii. 190, Nj. 39; svartr á brún ok brá, dark of brow and eyebrow; dökkr á hörund, id., etc.2. denoting skill, dexterity; hagr á tré, a good carpenter; hagr á járn, málm, smíðar …, an expert worker in iron, metals …, Eg. 4; fimr á boga, good at the bow: also used of mastership in science or arts, meistari á hörpuslátt, a master in striking the harp, Fas. iii. 220; fræðimaðr á kvæði, knowing many poems by heart, Fms. vi. 391; fræðimaðr á landnámssögur ok forna fræði, a learned scholar in histories and antiquities (of Are Frode), Ísl. ii. 189; mikill á íþrótt, skilful in an art, Edda (pref.) 148; but dat. in the phrase, kunna (vel) á skíðum, to be a cunning skater, Fms. i. 9, vii. 120.3. denoting dimensions; á hæð, lengd, breidd, dýpt …, in the heighth, length, breadth, depth …, Eg. 277; á hvern veg, on each side, Edda 41 (square miles); á annan veg, on the one side, Grág. i. 89.β. the phrase, á sik, in regard to oneself, vel (illa) á sik kominn, of a fine ( ugly) appearance, Ld. 100, Fas. iii. 74.III. denoting instrumentality; bjargast á sínar hendr, to live on the work of one’s own hands, (á sínar spýtur is a mod. phrase in the same sense); (vega) á skálir, pundara, to weigh in scales, Grág. ii. 370; at hann hefði tvá pundara, ok hefði á hinn meira keypt en á hinn minna selt, of a man using two scales, a big one for buying and a little one for selling, Sturl. i. 91; á sinn kostnað, at one’s own expense; nefna e-n á nafn, by name, Grág. i. 17, etc. The Icel. also say, spinna á rokk, snældu, to spin on or with a rock or distaff; mala á kvern, to grind in a ‘querne,’ where Edda 73 uses dat.; esp. of musical instruments, syngja, leika á hljóðfæri, hörpu, gígju …; in the old usage, leika hörpu …, Stj. 458.IV. denoting the manner or way of doing:1. á þessa lund, in this wise, Grág. ii. 22; á marga vega, á alla, ymsa vega, in many, all, respects, Fms. i. 114; á sitt hóf, in its turn, respectively, Ld. 136, where the context shews that the expression answers to the Lat. mutatis mutandis; á Þýðersku, after German fashion, Sks. 288.2. esp. of language; mæla, rita á e-a tungu, to speak, write in a tongue; á Írsku, in Irish, Ld. 76; Norrænu, in Norse, Eb. 330, Vm. 35; a Danska tungu, in Danish, i. e. Scandinavian, Norse, or Icelandic, Grág. i. 18; á Vára tungu, i. e. in Icelandic, 181; rita á Norræna tungu, to write in Norse, Hkr. (pref.), Bs. i. 59:—at present, dat. is sometimes used.3. in some phrases the acc. is used instead of the dat.; hann sýndi á sik mikit gaman, Fms. x. 329; hann lét ekki á sik finna, he shewed no sign of motion, Nj. 111; skaltú önga fáleika á þik gera (Cod. Kalf.), 14.V. used in a distributive sense; skal mörk kaupa gæzlu á kú, eðr oxa fim vetra gamlan, a mark for every cow, Grág. i. 147; alin á hvert hross, 442; á mann, per man (now freq.): cp. also á dag above, lit. B.VI. connected with nouns,1. prepositional; á hendr (with dat.), against; á hæla, at heel, close behind; á bak, at back, i. e. past, after; á vit (with gen.), towards.2. adverbially; á braut, away, abroad; á víxl, in turns; á mis, amiss; á víð ok dreif, a-wide and a-drift, i. e. dispersedly.3. used almost redundantly before the following prep.; á eptir, after, behind; á undan, in front of; á meðal, á milli, among; á mót, against; á við, about, alike; á frá (cp. Swed. ifrån), from (rare); á fyrir = fyrir, Haustl. 1; á hjá, beside (rare); á fram, a-head, forwards; á samt, together; ávalt = of allt, always: following a prep., upp á, upon; niðr á, down upon; ofan á, eptir á, post eventum, (temp.) á eptir is loc., id., etc.VII. connected with many transitive verbs, answering to the Lat. ad- or in-, in composition, in many cases periphrastically for an objective case. The prep. generally follows after the verb, instead of being prefixed to it as in Lat., and answers to the Engl. on, to; heita kalla, hrópa á, to call on; heyra, hlusta, hlyða á, to hearken to, listen to; hyggja, hugsa á, to think on; minna á, to remind; sjá, líta, horfa, stara, mæna, glápa, koma auga … á, to look on; girnast á, to wish for; trúa á, to believe on; skora á, to call on any one to come out, challenge; kæra á, to accuse; heilsa á, to greet; herja, ganga, ríða, hlaupa, ráða … á, to fall on, attack, cp. ágangr, áreið, áhlaup; ljúga á, to tell lies of, to slander; telja á, to carp at; ausa, tala, hella, kasta, verpa … á, to pour, throw on; ríða, bera, dreifa á, to sprinkle on; vanta, skorta á, to fall short of; ala á, to plead, beg; leggja á, to throw a spell on, lay a saddle on; hætta á, to venture on; gizka á, to guess at; kveða á, to fix on, etc.: in a reciprocal sense, haldast á, of mutual strife; sendast á, to exchange presents; skrifast á, to correspond (mod.); kallast á, to shout mutually; standast á, to coincide, so as to be just opposite one another, etc.2.f. [Lat. aqua; Goth. ahva; Hel. aha; A. S. eâ; O. H. G. aha, owa; cp. Germ. ach and aue; Fr. eau, eaux; Engl. Ax-, Ex-, etc., in names of places; Swed.-Dan. å; the Scandinavians absorb the hu, so that only a single vowel or diphthong remains of the whole word]:—a river. The old form in nom. dat. acc. sing. is , v. the introduction to A, page 1, Bs. i. 333 sq., where ́n, ́ (acc.), and ́na; so also Greg. 677; the old fragm. of Grág. ii. 222, 223, new Ed. In the Kb. of the Edda the old form occurs twice, viz. page 75, ́na (acc.), (but two lines below, ána), í ́nni (dat.) The old form also repeatedly occurs in the Kb. and Sb. of the Grág., e. g. ii. 266, 267: gen. sing. ár; nom. pl. ár, gen. á contracted, dat. ám, obsolete form ́m; Edda 43, Eg. 80, 99, 133, 185: proverbs, at ósi skal á stemma, answering to the Lat. principiis obsta, Edda 60; hér kemr á til sæfar, here the river runs into the sea, metaph. = this is the very end, seems to have been a favourite ending of old poems; it is recorded in the Húsdrápa and the Norðsetadrápa, v. Edda 96, Skálda 198; cp. the common saying, oil vötn renna til sævar, ‘all waters run into the sea.’ Rivers with glacier water are in Icel. called Hvítá, White river, or Jökulsá: Hitá, Hot river, from a hot spring, opp. to Kaldá, v. Landn.: others take a name from the fish in them, as Laxá, Lax or Salmon river (freq.); Örriða á, etc.: a tributary river is þverá, etc.: ár in the Njála often means the great rivers Ölfusá and Þjórsá in the south of Iceland. Áin helga, a river in Sweden, Hkr. ii: á is also suffixed to the names of foreign rivers, Tempsá = Thames; Dóná, Danube (Germ. Don-au), (mod.), etc. Vide Edda (Gl.) 116, 117, containing the names of over a hundred North-English and Scottish rivers.COMPDS: áráll, árbakki, árbrot, ardjúp, árfarvegr, árfors, árgljúfr, árhlutr, ármegin, árminni, ármót, áróss, árreki, árstraumr, árströnd, árvað, árvegr, árvöxtr. -
19 плыть
нсв vi1) передвигаться по или в воде to swim; держаться на поверхности to float; двигаться, куда несёт течение to driftон ме́дленно плыл к бе́регу — he slowly swam towards the shore
посреди́ реки́ плыло бревно́ — there was a log floating in the middle of the river
по не́бу плыла́ луна́ — the moon was sailing across the sky
2) о судне to sail, to goплыть по тече́нию — to go/to drift/to float downstream
— to go with the stream, to swim with the tideплыть про́тив тече́ния — to go upstream
— to go against the stream, to swim against the tide3) ехать по воде to go, to sailплыть на парохо́де — to sail, to go by boat/ship/sea
пять дней мы плыли через Атланти́ческий океа́н — we sailed (across) the Atlantic for five days
- плыть в рукимы плывём уже́ три дня — we've been at sea for three days now
- это само плыло в руки
- богатство само плывёт ему в руки -
20 voguer
voguer [vɔge]➭ TABLE 1 intransitive verb[embarcation] to sail* * *vɔgeverbe intransitif liter1) ( naviguer) [navire] to sail2) fig [esprit, pensées] to wander••* * *vɔɡe vi* * *1 [navire] ( naviguer) to sail (vers toward, towards GB);2 fig [esprit, pensées] to wander; insouciant de tout, il voguait au gré des événements oblivious to everything, he drifted with the flow of events.et vogue la galère! come what may![vɔge] verbe intransitifa. [navire] to sail towardsb. [personne] to sail for2. (littéraire) [nuage, image] to drift ou to be floating by
См. также в других словарях:
Drift sail — Drift Drift, a. That causes drifting or that is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, drift currents; drift ice; drift mud. Kane. [1913 Webster] {Drift anchor}. See {Sea anchor}, and also {Drag sail}, under {Drag}, n. {Drift epoch} (Geol.),… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
drift-sail — driftˈ sail noun A sail immersed in the water, used for lessening the drift of a vessel during a storm • • • Main Entry: ↑drift … Useful english dictionary
drift sail — Drag Drag, n. [See {Drag}, v. t., and cf. {Dray} a cart, and 1st {Dredge}.] 1. The act of dragging; anything which is dragged. [1913 Webster] 2. A net, or an apparatus, to be drawn along the bottom under water, as in fishing, searching for… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
drift sail — noun : drag sail * * * drift sail, a sea anchor made from a sail or the like … Useful english dictionary
drift sail — /ˈdrɪft seɪl/ (say drift sayl) noun a sail dropped in the sea and used as a sea anchor, to help lessen the drift of a ship in a storm …
Drift — Drift, a. That causes drifting or that is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, drift currents; drift ice; drift mud. Kane. [1913 Webster] {Drift anchor}. See {Sea anchor}, and also {Drag sail}, under {Drag}, n. {Drift epoch} (Geol.), the… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Drift anchor — Drift Drift, a. That causes drifting or that is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, drift currents; drift ice; drift mud. Kane. [1913 Webster] {Drift anchor}. See {Sea anchor}, and also {Drag sail}, under {Drag}, n. {Drift epoch} (Geol.),… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Drift epoch — Drift Drift, a. That causes drifting or that is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, drift currents; drift ice; drift mud. Kane. [1913 Webster] {Drift anchor}. See {Sea anchor}, and also {Drag sail}, under {Drag}, n. {Drift epoch} (Geol.),… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Drift net — Drift Drift, a. That causes drifting or that is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, drift currents; drift ice; drift mud. Kane. [1913 Webster] {Drift anchor}. See {Sea anchor}, and also {Drag sail}, under {Drag}, n. {Drift epoch} (Geol.),… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
drift — [n1] accumulation alluvion, bank, batch, bunch, bundle, clump, cluster, deposit, heap, hill, lot, mass, mound, mountain, parcel, pile, set, shock, stack; concepts 432,524 drift [n2] meaning, significance of communication aim, design, direction,… … New thesaurus
sail — [v] travel through water, air; glide boat, captain, cast anchor, cast off, cross, cruise, dart, drift, embark, flit, float, fly, get under way*, leave, make headway, motor, move, navigate, pilot, put to sea*, reach, run, scud, set sail, shoot,… … New thesaurus